Lorne Male Infertility Testing
The Importance of Male Fertility Assessment
Understanding Male Infertility
Male fertility concerns are often not identified until a couple begins trying to conceive. Beyond difficulty achieving pregnancy, there may be no other obvious signs, meaning the issue may go unnoticed for some time.
In a number of cases, male infertility may be linked to lower sperm counts or reduced sperm motility. This does not mean that a couple is unable to conceive, however it may play a role in delays when trying to achieve pregnancy.
Potential Causes of Male Infertility
Low sperm counts are among the most common factors associated with male infertility, and the reasons behind this may vary considerably between individuals. In some cases, the cause may be genetic, while in others it may arise following a trauma or infection in the testes or prostate.
Maldescended testes and hernia surgery are also linked to low sperm counts. In addition to these, environmental factors may also have an impact on male fertility.
The following environmental factors may play a role:
- Smoking
- Alcohol consumption
- Exposure to herbicides
- Insecticides and volatile agents
- Obesity
- Excessive heating of the testes
- Anabolic steroids
Treatment Options for Male Infertility
Lifestyle Adjustments
PESA
Testicular Biopsy
Microdissection TESE
Hormone Treatment
Answering Your Male Infertility Questions
Is male infertility something many men experience?
How is male infertility evaluated?
The preferred method of assessing male infertility is a semen analysis test. During this test, scientists assess sperm quality, including shape, count, and motility, as well as the possible presence of sperm antibodies.
If the initial test is abnormal, it is important to repeat the test. If abnormal sperm counts are confirmed, additional blood tests may be required to assess testicular function.
A urologist or andrologist may occasionally recommend a testicular tissue sample be obtained for microscopic evaluation.
What does a semen analysis assess?
A semen analysis looks at a number of important areas related to sperm quality, including:
- Volume of the semen sample
- Sperm count
- Motility
- Morphology
- Sperm antibodies
The presence of anti-sperm antibodies is most commonly associated with a previous vasectomy and may influence fertility outcomes following vasectomy reversal.
Interpreting these results allows practitioners to better assess the likelihood of conception through treatments such as IVF, IUI, or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
What are considered average semen analysis results?
Semen analysis results are generally considered together rather than in isolation, though there is a typical measure for each area assessed.
As a guide, a normal sperm count is generally considered to be 5 million+ sperm/ml. For sperm motility, a normal value is typically 40%+ motile, with 32%+ demonstrating good, progressive movement.
Sperm morphology, referring to the shape and size of sperm, is also an important consideration. A result of greater than 4% normal sperm forms is generally considered to be within the average range.
Sperm antibodies in the semen or blood may also be detected during the test. The presence of such antibodies may impact the ability of sperm to move and fertilise eggs.
What other assessments may be involved in evaluating male infertility?
Along with a semen analysis test, your fertility doctor will review your medical history as part of a comprehensive assessment. Depending on the findings, additional tests and minimally invasive procedures, such as ultrasounds, may be considered and discussed during your consultation.
Is it possible for men who have had a vasectomy to regain fertility through microsurgery?
Available research suggests that sperm may reappear in many cases following microsurgical vasectomy reversal. That said, high levels of sperm antibodies may be present in some instances, which may have an impact on the likelihood of natural conception.
Up until seven years post-vasectomy, a reversal may assist. Beyond this time, a sperm retrieval procedure with IVF and ICSI may be the most appropriate course of action.
What does sperm DNA fragmentation mean?
Sperm DNA fragmentation is a term used to describe breaks or damage within the DNA of sperm. While a degree of DNA fragmentation is present in all sperm, some men may experience levels that are higher than normal, which may influence fertility outcomes. In these situations, antioxidants may also be of assistance.
Can a combination of treatments be beneficial?
When is it appropriate to seek support for male infertility?
Discover Your Options With a Fertility Doctor
For those finding it difficult to conceive, a fertility check may be a valuable first step. At Surfcoast Fertility, we understand the challenges that fertility concerns can bring, and we are dedicated to providing compassionate, evidence-based care to support you through the process. Feel free to contact our team with any questions or to book an appointment.
