Male Infertility Testing Ocean Grove
The Importance of Male Fertility Assessment
An Overview of Male Infertility
Male fertility is a factor that is often overlooked. In many cases, there may be no noticeable signs of male fertility concerns beyond difficulty conceiving, meaning the issue may go undetected until a couple begins trying to start a family.
Lower sperm counts or reduced sperm motility are among the more common factors associated with male infertility. While these findings do not rule out the possibility of conception, they may contribute to a longer time in achieving pregnancy.
Common Causes of Male Infertility
Male infertility is most commonly associated with low sperm counts, though the underlying causes may differ from person to person. For some individuals, the cause may be genetic, while for others it may develop following a trauma or infection affecting the testes or prostate.
Maldescended testes and hernia surgery are also associated with low sperm counts. Furthermore, environmental factors may also impact male fertility.
Environmental factors that may have an impact on male fertility include:
- Smoking
- Alcohol consumption
- Exposure to herbicides
- Insecticides and volatile agents
- Obesity
- Excessive heating of the testes
- Anabolic steroids
Exploring Male Infertility Treatment Options
Lifestyle Adjustments
PESA
Testicular Biopsy
Microdissection TESE
Hormone Treatment
Commonly Asked Questions About Male Infertility
Is male infertility something many men experience?
How is male infertility evaluated?
The most widely used method for assessing male infertility is a semen analysis test, during which scientists assess sperm quality across a number of measures, including shape, count, and motility, as well as the possible presence of sperm antibodies.
Should the initial test return abnormal results, it is important that the test be repeated. If abnormal sperm counts are confirmed upon retesting, additional blood tests may be required to further assess testicular function.
A urologist or andrologist may occasionally recommend a testicular tissue sample be obtained for microscopic evaluation.
What does a semen analysis test measure?
A semen analysis evaluates a number of key areas related to sperm quality, including:
- Volume of the semen sample
- Sperm count
- Motility
- Morphology
- Sperm antibodies
The presence of anti-sperm antibodies is most commonly associated with a previous vasectomy and may influence fertility outcomes following vasectomy reversal.
Understanding these results helps practitioners assess the chances of conception through treatments such as IVF, IUI, or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI).
What do average semen analysis results look like?
Semen analysis results are generally considered together rather than in isolation, though there is a typical measure for each area assessed.
As a guide, a normal sperm count is generally considered to be 5 million+ sperm/ml. For sperm motility, a normal value is typically 40%+ motile, with 32%+ demonstrating good, progressive movement.
Sperm morphology, that is, the shape and size of sperm, is another key factor assessed during the analysis. Greater than 4% normal sperm forms is generally considered to fall within the average range.
Finally, the test may also detect sperm antibodies in the semen or blood. The presence of antibodies affects their ability to move and fertilise eggs.
Are there any other tests used to assess male infertility?
In addition to a semen analysis test, your fertility doctor will review your medical history as part of a thorough assessment. Depending on the findings, additional tests and minimally invasive procedures, such as ultrasounds, may be considered and discussed during your consultation.
Can microsurgery assist men who have had a vasectomy in regaining fertility?
Available research suggests that sperm may reappear in many cases following microsurgical vasectomy reversal. That said, high levels of sperm antibodies may be present in some instances, which may have an impact on the likelihood of natural conception.
Up until seven years post-vasectomy, a reversal may assist. Beyond this time, a sperm retrieval procedure with IVF and ICSI may be the most appropriate course of action.
How is sperm DNA fragmentation defined?
Sperm DNA fragmentation refers to breaks or damage within the DNA of sperm. While all sperm have some level of DNA fragmentation, some men experience higher-than-normal levels, which may impact fertility outcomes. In this situation, antioxidants may also be of benefit.
May a combination of treatments be of benefit?
At what point should I seek support for male infertility?
Discover Your Options With a Fertility Doctor
If you’re finding it difficult to conceive, it may be worth considering a fertility check. At Surfcoast Fertility, we understand that fertility concerns can feel challenging, and we offer compassionate, evidence-based care to support you. Don’t hesitate to reach out to our team with any questions you have or to book an appointment.
